The three Baltic countries—Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania—endured many hardships in the half century from 1939 to 1991: the initial Soviet occupation, mass deportations to the Gulag in 1941, the German occupation and wartime upheavals, the destruction of the Baltic Jewish communities in the Holocaust, the Soviet re-occupation and forcible annexation at the end of World War II, brutal counterinsurgency campaigns and new waves of mass deportations in the late 1940s, and several decades under harsh Soviet rule. […]
Memo #:
200
Series:
2
PDF:
PDF URL:
https://ponarseurasia.org/wp-content/uploads/attachments/pepm200.pdf
