Afghanistan 5 - PONARS Eurasia

Manas Matters: The Changing Politics of the U.S. Military Base in Kyrgyzstan

From July 2005 to July 2006 the status of the Manas (Ganci) U.S. military base in Kyrgyzstan became a central issue in U.S.-Kyrgyz relations and within Kyrgyz domestic politics. During…

Depoliticizing Manas: The Domestic Consequences of the U.S. Military Presence in Kyrgyzstan

Over three years since the United States established military bases in Central Asia to support Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), the military installation at Manas airport continues to define many aspects…

Russia’s Counterrevolutionary Offensive in Central Asia

Counterterrorism has never been a convincing Russian strategy for Central Asia. At the start of Vladimir Putin’s presidency, attempts to impress upon the leaders of the five Central Asian states that only…

Difficult Engagements: Political Lessons from the K2 Experience

In July 2005, the government of Uzbekistan expelled the United States from the Karshi-Khanabad (K2) air base from which U.S. forces had conducted reconnaissance and support missions for Operation Enduring…

Understanding the Impact of the K2 Closure

On July 29, 2005, President Islam Karimov ordered the U.S. military facility at Karshi-Khanabad (K2), Uzbekistan to close down within 180 days. It now appears virtually certain that U.S. forces…

Small Steps for U.S. Security Interest in Kyrgyzstan

The United States faces a dilemma in Kyrgyzstan because the two countries’ short-term and long-term security interests may be in conflict with each other. For the next few years, the United States…

Is Russia Really an Ally?

U.S.-Russian relations have been strengthened considerably over the last year. Two developments led to this improvement: Russian president Vladimir Putin’s support for the United States in the aftermath of the…

Partners In Need: U.S.-Russian Cooperation on and Approaches to Anti-terrorism

Shaken to the core by the September 11 attacks, the United States naturally took the leading role in the global fight against terrorism. By demonstrating that even unprecedented military might…

Russia’s Security Agenda vis-a-vis Transatlantic Developments after the War in Iraq

The sharp disagreements among Western countries over U.S. actions in Iraq are a serious test for Moscow for several reasons. First, although disagreements in the West have occurred before and indeed deepened…

Ethnofederalism: Lessons for Rebuilding Afghanistan, Preserving Pakistan, and Keeping Russia Stable

Ethnofederalism is a federal political system in which territorial governance units are explicitly designated as ethnic homelands. It has proven quite workable in multiethnic states from India to today’s Russia,…

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Afghanistan